Conifers
Others
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Low-elevation Conifers
These conifers grow at elevations
below 2000 feet in northwest Oregon and western Washington.
All but
Sitka Spruce also grow at higher elevations.
Common Low-elevation Conifers
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Grand Fir
– Abies grandis
Needles: Flattened
on twig, white lines
below
Cones: Upright at
the tree top
Bark:
Smooth, gray, small furrows on large trunks
Where:
Below 5000 feet
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Western Hemlock
–Tsuga heterophylla
Needles: Short,
flat, irregular, white lines below
Cones: Small. Rounded
scales
Bark: Small furrows,
gray
Where:
Below 4000 feet
Has drooping top
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Rare Low-elevation Conifers
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Pacific Yew – Taxus brevifolia
Needles: Flat,
flattened on twig, lighter green
underneath
Fruit:
Red berry-like aril
Bark:
Thin gray scales over smooth red bark
Where: Wet shady areas
below
5000 ft.
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Ponderosa Pine
– Pinus ponderosa
Needles:
Bundles of 3
Cones:
3-6" long, egg shaped
Bark: Orange
puzzle pieces
Where: Rare in the Willamette Valey. Common east
of the Cascade summit below 5000 ft.
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Conifers found on the Pacific
Coast
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Sitka Spruce
– Picea sitchensis
Needles: All around twig, sharp points
Cones: 3"
long, paper-thin scales
Bark:
Gray, scaly
Where:
Near coast and Columbia River
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Lodgepole Pine
– Pinus contorta
Needles: Bundles
of 2
Cones: Egg shape and size
Bark: Dark
gray, scaly
Where: Along the coast
and
above 3000 ft. in the mountains
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© 2011 Ken Denniston nwconifers.com
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